#manifestorakyat2021
Domestic Violence Against Children
By:
CSO Platform For Reform – Child Cluster
Affiliations:
Child Rights Coalition Malaysia (CRCM)
Policy Code:
2e Child
Problem Statement:
1. Children are exposed to violence at home. If their mothers do not qualify for a Protection
Order, they would not be entitled to the same although it is in the Best Interest of the Child.
2. Although there is a legal and policy framework to protect children against violence, there
are gaps given the dual legal systems in Malaysia in the area of family law.
3. There is also a lack of synergy between the Child Act 2001, Sexual Offences Against Children
Act 2017, Domestic Violence Act 1994, Anti Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of
Migrants Act 2007.
Value(s) and Belief(s):
Harmonise Child Act 2001, Sexual Offences Against Children Act 2017, Domestic Violence Act 1994,
Anti Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants ACt 2007 in line with CRC, CEDAW and
international legal instruments.
Proposal of Solution:
1. Revoke all provisions that allow corporal punishment namely - Child Act, Education
Regulations, Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code and Syariah Criminal Offences laws.
2. Establish an inter-agency data collection mechanism with confidentiality safeguards with the
police, JKM Hospitals, clinics, NGOs, UN agencies.
3. Conduct action-oriented research on violence affecting children at home, including refugee,
asylum-seeker and stateless children and share information with all stakeholders.
4. Institutionalise an independant and dedicated child hotline mechanism with a referral
system, and trained responders for child survivors of all forms of violence and neglect,
including online crimes.
5. Raise awareness and capacitate police, JKM including state child protectors and their
assistants, medical, enforcement and judicial authorities, NGOs, teachers, parents, school
staff on applying the best interests principle and determination, identification, child
protection case management, communicating with children and determining cases with
limited evidence.
6. Create awareness with families and communities on family unity, positive parenting, online
crimes against children, effective communication with children, sexual and reproductive
health including refugees, stateless and migrants.
Additional Information:
1. CRCM Status Report 2019 Pg 37 – In 2014, a study by Universiti Sains Malaysia that 73% of
the women survivors reported that their children had seen and heard the violence in the
household.
2. Protection Orders are not typically issued individually to a child survivor of domestic
violence, even when a child is entitled to a Protection Order, they are denied as a result of
their mother not qualifying for the same. (Women’s Aid Organisation (2019)).
Translation
Isu dan Polisi Semasa:
Anak-anak di rumah sering terdedah kepada risiko keganasan rumah tangga. Para ibu yang tidak layak untuk mendapatkan Perintah Perlindungan untuk anak-anak mereka tidak akan boleh mendapatkan Perintah tersebut walaupun ia amat peting untuk perlindungan kanak-kanak.
Walaupun usaha telah dilakukan untuk melindungi kanak-kanak daripada keganasan melalui kerangka undang-undang dan dasar-dasar, kita boleh memerhatikan jurang perbezaan dalam kala sistem perundangan keluarga.
Selain daripada itu, kita boleh memerhati kekurangan sinergi dalam undang-undang seperti
Akta Kanak-Kanak 2001, Akta Kesalahan-kesalahan Seksual Terhadap Kanak-Kanak 2017, Akta Keganasan Rumah Tangga 1994, Akta Anti-perdagangan Orang dan Anti-penyeludupan Migran 2007.
Nilai-nilai dan Kepercayaan:
Mengharmonikan Akta Kanak-Kanak 2001, Akta Kesalahan-kesalahan Seksual Terhadap Kanak-Kanak 2017, Akta Keganasan Rumah Tangga 1994, Akta Anti-pemerdagangan Orang dan Anti-penyeludupan Migran 2007 dengan Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against woman (CEDAW) dan persetujuan antarabangsa.
Penyelesaian:
Membatalkan semua peruntukan yang membenarkan hukuman rotan - Akta Kanak-Kanak, Peraturan Pendidikan, Kanun Keseksaan, Kanun Tatacara Jenayah dan Undang-undang kesalahan jenayah Syariah.
Mewujudkan satu mekanisme pengumpulan data yang sulit antara agensi dengan polis, JKM hospital-hospital, klinik-klinik, Badan-badan bukan kerajaan (NGO) dan Agensi PBB.
Menjalankan penyelidikan mengenai keganasan yang mempengaruhi kanak-kanak termasuk mereka daripada golongan terjejas seperti warga asing dan anak-anak tanpa kewarganegaraan sebelum maklumat ini dikongsi kepada semua pihak yang berkenaan.
Mewujudkan satu mekanisme talian am(hotline) kanak-kanak yang berdedikasi merangkumi sistem rujukan dan responden yang dilatih untuk kanak-kanak yang mengalami pelbagai keganasan dan keabaian yang juga merangkumi jenayah dalam talian.
Meningkatkan kesedaran dan memberi hak kepada polis, JKM termasuk negara sebagai pelindung kanak-kanak dan pembantunya, pihak perubatan, penguat kuasa dan kehakiman, badan bukan kerajaan (NGO), guru, ibu bapa, kakitangan sekolah tentang mengaplikasi prinsip dan penentuan kepentingan terbaik, pengenalan diri, pengurusan kes perlindungan anak, berkomunikasi dengan anak-anak dan menentukan kes dengan bukti terhad.
Meningkatkan kesedaran komuniti dan keluarga tentang perpaduan keluarga, keibubapaan yang positif, jenayah dalam talian terhadap kanak-kanak, komunikasi yang efektif dengan kanak- kanak, kesihatan seksual dan pembiakan termasuk pelarian, tanpa kewarganegaraan dan pendatang.
Informasi Tambahan:
1. CRCM Status Report 2019 Pg 37 – In 2014, a study by Universiti Sains Malaysia that 73% of
the women survivors reported that their children had seen and heard the violence in the
household.
2. Protection Orders are not typically issued individually to a child survivor of domestic
violence, even when a child is entitled to a Protection Order, they are denied as a result of
their mother not qualifying for the same. (Women’s Aid Organisation (2019)).